Cockle Culture Way

INTRODUCTION cockle started in 1984 by a village chief in Bagan Pancor, Perak. This experiment has been successful and has since evolved to cockle along the mangrove swamp on the West Coast Semenanjuga and estimated the potential area is 28.540 hectares. Shellfish species commonly grown in Australia is of Anadora Granosa.
It is good to have a total market in neighboring countries, particularly Thailand and Singapore.
This animal has several advantages compared with other animals including: -

• Method hunting tools
• Management and maintenance of minimum
• To return / profit as possible.
• Has a potential market with favorable prices.

Until now done cockle culture is partially dependent on the natural seed supply. Seed oysters could be produced in Middleton, but the expense is high and very low rates of life. 

SITE PREPARATION FOR ANIMAL
Selection is based on the appropriate area of land and water, namely: -

1. Areas protected from currents and waves.
2. State of the muddy seabed of fine and soft with a thickness of 46-76 cm. Texture contrast soil contains 50-80% clay and silt remaining.
3. Salinity of about 18 (ppt)
4. Gradient culture medium site policy.

Area free from pollution and harm. Identified suitable areas must first obtain approval from the state government to obtain a temporary license ownership (TOL). Area of the economy for individuals to carry out animal is 10 hectares (+25 acres).
Type of shellfish species cultured are from (Anadara Granosa) The right to exercise cockle
SEED COLLECTION
Seeds of common shells found in the muddy shore of dental mangroves or estuaries. Seed collection is made once it reaches the size of 4-10 mm. Tangguk collection is made with wire, wooden tray and a piece of board. This device is pulled through the surface of the mud several times and then cleaned to separate the seed oysters with mud.
Collection of seeds is usually used boat in a natural area at low tide. Price depends on size of seed shellfish seed to seed size from 1.000 to 3.000 / kg RM60.00/guni estimated price. Seed size is 6.4cm shells are tender. 

Diffuse SEED SHELL ON SITE ANIMAL
Seed dissemination work done by boat. Prior to the distribution of seeds is made, shell-shell and the enemies of shellfish (snails excavators) to be removed. Seed sowing should be made in good weather and the water started to install. Seeds should be sown as soon as they come to the site to prevent the death of seedlings due to the pressure (stress). Sowing seeds evenly so that the shellfish should be growing well. Rate of sowing seeds depends on seed size and fitness area.
 

SHELL SELERAK change and remove predators
Within 3-4 months after the seed sown, the density of shellfish should be inspected. If found to be irregular so it should be changed selerak to produce rapid growth shells. Current activities selerak change made enemies of shellfish to be collected / captured and removed / killed. Among the enemies of the snail shells thorns, small snails Belitung, common snails, mussels ginger, star snails and stingrays. Size cockle clams reach market size adult is 3.8cm.

PRESERVATION TO THE SIZE OF THE MARKET
To achieve a market size of 80-100 seeds / kg (70 grains / pounds) this animal usually takes 12-18 months from the date of the seeds sown. Growing oysters is influenced by site fertility, water quality, size and density of seeds sown.
SHELL LARGE COLLECTIONS OF OPERATION
Before the animals collected for the market, estimating the stock should be made to determine the quantity of shellfish stocks to be sold in retail or tender. Tangguk collection made by using wire, basically the same tool with the collection of seeds only tool length of wire (mesh size) is larger. Collection Maintenance Activities Cockles are: -
1. Shake the device to collect shells.
2. Save while on the boat to the base landed
3. Separate the shells from the trash, empty shell-shell and other snails.
4. Fill shells into the sack with an estimated 70 kg / sack.
5. Transport the shellfish to be sold to wholesalers or retailers.
REVENUE REVENUE
The calculation of revenue based on the following:
The net size of cockles - 2,000 seeds / kg of seed distribution - 50 sacks / ha Duration -18 months cattle livestock area - 10 ha of Life Rate - 50% Market Size - 100 pieces / kg Price Cockle General - RM 25.00/guni a sack - 70 Sales of 1.000 kg bags / ha x Rm45/guni 10ha x 50% x RM225, 000
Cockles Operating Costs

• 50 bags / ha x 10 ha x RM150/guni RM75, 000
• Wages Sprinkle RM 10,000
• Wages and Wash Area Selerak RM15, 000
• Amount of RM100, 000
• Maintenance
• Boat Maintenance RM5, 000
• Boats Oil RM10, 000
• Engine Maintenance / spikes of RM5, 000
• Maintenance Pondok RM3, 000
• Other RM2, 000
• Amount of RM25, 000
• Cost Management Toll Fee (250 x 20) x 18 months RM10, 000
• Salary 2 people watch (2 × 650) RM23, 400
• Contingency RM10, 000
• Amount of RM43, 400
• Grand Total expenses RM168, 400
• Gross Revenue / Round RM56, 600 (Sales-Expenses)
• Monthly Income (in 18 months) RM3, 144.00

ISSUE
The problems may be encountered in the cockle currently is not a constant supply of seed-Theft clam enemies (predators), Water Pollution (Industrial Waste) Snail Ginger is one of the main enemy shells
HELP
The waves provide technical advisory services such as carrying out appropriate research and marketing of livestock.
Investment opportunities in the livestock project is open to all, particularly the Association of Fishermen, fishing groups and individuals.
Aquaculture Development Section Fishing Industry Development Division, Malaysian Fisheries Development Authority of Level 11, Wisma PKNS Jalan Raja Laut, 50350 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 03-26177000